For the harm of lightning, lightning protection measures are divided into external lightning protection measures and internal lightning protection measures.

External lightning protection measures mainly include installing lightning arresters (such as lightning rods, lightning strips, lightning grids, etc.), downlead and grounding devices. The lightning arrester is used to intercept lightning and prevent the protected object from being directly struck by lightning; The grounding device is used for the discharge of lightning to the ground, and has the requirements for grounding resistance; The downlead is used to connect the lightning arrester and the grounding device.

Internal lightning protection measures include shielding, reasonable wiring, installation of lightning arrester (SPD), equipotential bonding and grounding. Shielding and reasonable wiring can reduce the impact of electrostatic induction and electromagnetic induction on lines and equipment; The installation of lightning arrester can limit the surge voltage on the line and guide the discharge of lightning current; Equipotential bonding can avoid counterattack between adjacent metal objects and lines; Grounding is an important guarantee for shielding and arrester to function.